Effect of planting density and potassium fertilization on growth components in purple garlic
Keywords:
Allium sativum L, agronomic practices, fertilization, morphological and physiological characters.
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a profitable crop in Venezuela although it presents some problems in the management of population density and mineral nutrition. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of planting density and KNO3 doses on some growth parameters in purple garlic. A randomized block design under split-plot treatments with three planting densities: 100, 50 and 33 plants.m-2 and 3 doses of KNO3 : 25, 50 and 100 kg.ha-1was used. The variables number of leaves, relative chlorophyll index, leaf area index, photosynthetically active radiation and fresh mass of foliage were evaluated at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. The interaction between planting and KNO3 doseshad a great effect on leaf area index but not on the other variables. Since the highest values in number of leaves, relative chlorophyll index, photosynthetically active radiation and fresh mass of foliage were obtained in plants developed in the lowest planting densities and the highest dosis of fertilization, an individual effect on vegetative growth factors in purple garlic was observed.
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References
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• Stahlschmidt, O., J. Cavagnaro and R. Borgo. 1997. Growth analysis of three garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars with differences in yield. Acta Hort. 433:427-434.
• Wang, Y. T. 2007. Potassium nutrition affects Phalaenopsis growth and flowering. Hort Science 42(7)_1563-1567
• Arguello, J. A., S. B. Núñez and A. Ledesma, C. Rodríguez y M. del C. Díaz. 2006. Vermicompost effects on bulbing dynamics, nonstructural carbohydrate content, yield, and quality of ‘Rosado Paraguayo’ garlic bulbs. HortScience. 41:589-592.
• Blanke, M. M. 2009. Regulatory mechanisms in source sink relationiships in plant- a review. Acta Hort. 835:13-20.
• Brewster, J. 2011. Onions and other Alliums. 4th ed. Pretence Hill. UK. 210 p.
• Castellanos, J., P. Vargas, J. Ojodeagua, G. Hoyos, G. Alcántar, E. Álvarez and A. Gardea. 2004. Garlic productivity and profitability as affected by seed clove size, planting density and planting method. HortScience 39(6):1272-1277.
• Dale, K. and C. Schumann. 2005. Response of woodland-planted ramps to surface-applied calcium, planting density and bulb preparation. HortScience. 40(5):1516-1520.
• El-Desuki, A., M. Abdel-Mouty and A. Ali. 2006. Response of onion plants to additional dose of potassium application. J. Applied Sci. Research. 2(9):592-597.
• Gaviola, S. and V. M Lipinski. 2008. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield and color of red garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars. Cien. Inv. Agr. 35(1):57-64.
• Hossain, M., M. Ashrafuzzaman, M. S. Hoque and M. A. Hoque. 2003. Effect of seed clove size and spacing on growth performance of garlic. Muarik Bulletin. 6:123-128.
• Juškevičienė, D., R. Karklelienė, A. Radzevičius and A. Sasnauskas. 2016. Productivity and morphological features of garlic (Allium sativum L.) grown in Lithuania. Agriculture & Forestry. 62(4):109-116.
• Karaye, A. K. and A. I. Yakubu. 2006. Influence of intra-row spacing and mulching on leed growth and bulb yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Sokoto, Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 5(3):260-264.
• Karklelienė, R., E. Dambrauskienė, D. Juškevičienė, A. Radzevičius, M. Rubinskienė and P. Viškelis. 2015. Productivity and nutritional value of dill and parsley. Horticultural Sciences 41(3):131-137.
• Karim, A., H. Fukamachi and T. Hidaka. 2003. Photosynthetic performance of Vigna radiate L. leaves developed at different temperature and irradiance levels. Plant Sci. 164:451-458.
• Marschner, H. 2002. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 4th ed. Academic Press, New York. 358 p.
• Mengel, K. and E. A. Kirkby. 2001. Principles of plant nutrition. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 5th ed. Dordrecht. Boston/London. 549 p.
• Moritzuka, N. and S. Matsumoto. 2006. An experimental approach to quantifying chemical and positional availability of soil potassium. Soil Sci. and Plant Nutr. 52:61- 70.
• Ngouajio, M. 2008. Changes in onion (Allium cepa L.) yield and grade distribution in response to cover crop and plant population. HortScience. 43(4):1138.
• Rahim, M. A. and R. Fordham. 2001. Environmental manipulation for controlling bulbing in garlic. Acta Hort. 555:181-188.
• Rahim, M. A. and R. Fordham. 1991. Effect of shade on leaf and cell size and number of epidermal cells in garlic (Allium sativum L.). Ann. of Botany. 67:167-171.
• Ramírez, H. 2001. Growth and nutrient absorption of onion (Allium cepa L.) in the tropics in response to potassium nutrition. A thesis in partial requirements of the degree of Ph.D. Department of Agricultural Sciences. Imperial College at Wye, London University. 210 p.
• Rosen, C. and C. Tong. 2001. Yield, dry matter partitioning and storage quality of hard neck garlic as affected by soil amendments and scape removal. HortScience. 36(7):1235-1239.
• Saleem, J. M. 2004. Studies on the management strategies for bulb and seed production of different cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.). A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor Philosophy in Agriculture (Horticulture). Gomal University. Pakistán. 106 p.
• Seversike, T., L. Purcell, E. Gbur, P. Chen and R. Scott. 2009. Radiation interception and yield response to increased leaflet number in early-maturing soybean genotypes. Crop Science. 49:281-289.
• Singh, S. 2015. Planting row arrangement and nutrient management in geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) – garlic (Allium sativum) intercropping. Indian J. Agric. Res. 49(5):407-413.
• Singh, S., M. Ram and N. Yadav. 2014. Effect of phosphorus and zinc application on the growth and yield of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) intercropped with garlic (Allium sativum). Indian J. Agric. Res. 48(1):1-8.
• Singh, S., B. K. Dubey and R. P. Gupta. 2016. Genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis for yield and its attributes in garlic (Allium sativum L.). Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops. 25(2):175-181.
• Shabala, S. 2003. Regulation of potassium transport in leaves: From molecular to tissue level. Ann. Bot. 92:627-634.
• Shock, C., E. Feibert and L. Saunders. 2004. Plant population and nitrogen fertilization for subsurface drip-irrigated onion. HortScience. 39(7):1722-1727.
• Stahlschmidt, O., J. Cavagnaro and R. Borgo. 1997. Growth analysis of three garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars with differences in yield. Acta Hort. 433:427-434.
• Wang, Y. T. 2007. Potassium nutrition affects Phalaenopsis growth and flowering. Hort Science 42(7)_1563-1567
Published
2015-12-30
How to Cite
Mujica-Rivero, H., Pérez de Camacaro, M., & Sanabria, M. E. (2015). Effect of planting density and potassium fertilization on growth components in purple garlic. Agronomía Tropical, 65(3-4), 139-149. Retrieved from http://publicaciones.inia.gob.ve/index.php/agronomiatropical/article/view/187
Section
Original research article
Copyright (c) 2015 Henry Mujica-Rivero, María Pérez de Camacaro, María Elena Sanabria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
