Effect of cuji associated with aloe on the soil biochemical properties in semiarid regions of Falcon State
Abstract
The effect of cují, Prosopis juliflora, associated with sábila crop, Aloe vera, on the biological fertility and chemical properties of soil, at the sector El Cebollal of Falcon State, was evaluated. We considered two management conditions: aloe under cují shade and aloe in full sunlight. Nine cují trees were selected for evaluating soils under the canopy of them (1 and 3 m from the base of the tree) and outside it (full sunlight). Were determined: total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus available (Pa), pH, percentage moisture (% H), texture, hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (DAF), dehydrogenase activity (AD), alkaline phosphatase, ß-Glucosidase and urease. The results indicate statistically significant differences between treatments evaluated. There was a gradient in relation to nutrient content and microbial activity, from greater to lesser values, as the distance increases from the base of the tree to the area of full sunlight. We found a high correlation between enzyme activities and levels of soil organic matter (OM), demonstrating the importance of organic carbon in semiarid ecosystems. Cují is widely distributed in the falconian semiarid area because of characteristics that allow their survival in ecosystems with conditions of water stress, so that can acts as fertility islands, contributing to the health and quality of soil , generating a contribution of OM and nutrients under the canopy of the same and increasing the substrate for microbial activity.
Downloads
References
• Bremner, J. M. 1960. Nitrogen total. In: Sparks, D.l., page, A.l., Helmke, p.A., Loeppert, R.H., Soltan-pour, P.M., Tabatabai, M.A., Johnston, C.T. y Sommers, M.E. (eds.). Methods of soil analysis, part 3. chemical methods. ASA-SSSA, Madison,WI, 1 085-1 121 pp.
• Camiña, F., C. Trasar-cepeda, F. Gil-Sotres and C. léiros. 1998. Measurement of dehydrogenase activity in acid soils rich in organic matter. Soil Biol. Biochem.30:1 005-1 011.
• Chacón, N., I. Herrera, S. Flores, J. A. González and J.M. Nassar. 2009. Chemical, physical, and biochemical soil properties and plant roots as affected by native and exotic plants in Neotropical arid zones. Biol. Fertil. Soils 45:321-328.
• Cookson, P. and G. l. lepiece. 1996. Urease enzyme activity of soils of the Batinah region of Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Arid Environments. 32:225-238.
• Díaz, M. 2001. Ecología experimental y ecofisiología: Bases para el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales de las zonas áridas neotropicales. Interciencia. 26:472-478.
• Eivazi, F. and M.A. Tabatabai. 1988. Glucosidases and galactosidases in soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 20:601-606.
• Fondo Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (FONAIAP). 1990. Manual de Métodos y procedimientos de Referencia. Análisis de Suelo para Diagnóstico de Fertilidad. Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (UclA). Escuela de Agronomía. Ministerio de Agricultura y cría. Fondo Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. CENIAP. Maracay. (Serie D Nº 26)
• García, I. 1999. Crecimiento y comportamiento eco- fisiológico del Agave cocui y del Sorghum bicolor asociados a Prosopis juliflora en un sistema agro- forestal simultaneo de la zona semiárida, Falcón. Trabajo Especial de grado para Ingeniero Agrónomo. Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda, coro, Venezuela.
• Herrera, G., Y. Herrera, B. Reyes and l. Dendooven. 2007. Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw) Dc.), huisache (Acacia farnesiana (l.) Willd.) and cat- claw (Mimosa biuncifera Benth.) and their effect on dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in soils of the semi-arid highlands of Durango Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments. 69:583-598.
• Kandeler, E. and H. Gerber. 1988. Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium. Biol. Fertil. Soils. 6:68-72.
• lópez, R., E. Villavicencio, M. Real, J. Ramírez y B. Murillo. 2003. Macronutrimentos en suelos de desierto con potencial agrícola. Terra latinoamericana. 21:333-340.
• Marinari, S., G. Masciandaro, B. Ceccanti and S. Grego- 2000. Influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil biological and physical properties. Bio Resource Tech. 72:9-17.
• Matteucci, S., A. Colma y Y. Acosta. 1991. potencial productivo de los cujisales en el árido falconiano (Venezuela). Interciencia. 16:313-321.
• Mogollón, J. p., D. Torres y A. Martínez. 2010. cambios en algunas propiedades biológicas del suelo según ell uso de la tierra, en el sector El cebollal, estado Falcón, Venezuela. Bioagro. 22:217-222.
• Mogollón, J. p. y A. Martínez. 2009. Variación de la actividad biológica del suelo en un transecto altitudinal de la Sierra de San luis, estado Falcón. Agro- nomía Trop. 59(4):469-479.
• Mogollón, J. P. y O. Tremont. 2002. Efecto del cambio de uso de la tierra sobre la actividad ureásica en agroecosistemas cafetaleros del estado Falcón. croizatia. 3:16-25.
• Mogollón, J. p., o. Tremont y N. Rodríguez. 2001. Efecto del uso de un vermicompost sobre las propiedades biológicas y químicas de suelos degradados por sales. Venesuelos. 9:48-56.
• Montaño-Arias, N., R. García-Sánchez, G. Ochoa-de la Rosa y A. Monroy-Ata. 2006. Relación entre la vegetación arbustiva, el mezquite y el suelo de un ecosistema semiárido en México. Terra latinoamericana. 24:193-205.
• Murphy, J. and J. P. Riley. 1962. A modified single solu- tion method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. chim. Acta 27:31-36.
• Olsen, S. R., c. V. cole, F. S. Watanabe and l. A. Dean.1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. U.S. department of Agriculture (USDA). circular 939, 1-19 pp.
• Paolini, J., H. Aponte y P. Atacho. 2010. propiedades bioquímicas de suelos del semiárido venezolano. Memorias del 16th congress of the International Soil conservation organization (ISco). Santiago de chile, chile.
• Perroni, Y. 2007. Islas de fertilidad en un ecosistema semiárido: nutrimentos en el suelo y su relación con la diversidad vegetal. Tesis para obtener el grado de Doctorado en ciencias en Ecología y Manejo de Recursos Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, c. A., Veracruz, México. 100 p.
• Reyes-Reyes, G., l. Baron-Ocampo, I. Cuali-Alvarez, J. T. Frías- Hernández, V. Olalde-Portugal, l. Varela- Fregoso and l. Dendooven. 2002. C and N dynamics in soil from the central highlands of Mexico as affected by mesquite (Prosopis spp.) and huizache (Acacia tortuosa): a laboratory investigation. App. Soil Ecol. 19:27-34.
• Rodríguez, N. 2002. Identificación y caracterización de indicadores de sostenibilidad de los tipos de uso de la tierra en las series El patillal y San Isidro de la llanura de coro, estado Falcón. Tesis de Maestría. Universidad central de Venezuela. Facultad de Agronomía. 101 p.
• Rodríguez, N., A. Florentino, D. Torres, H. Yendis y F. Zamora. 2009. Selección de indicadores de calidad de suelo en tres tipos de uso de la tierra en la planicie de coro estado Falcón. Rev. Fac. Agron. (LUZ). 26:340-361.
• Schnürer, J. and T. Rosswall. 1982. Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis as a measure of total microbial activity in soil and litter. Applied and Environmental Microbio- logy 43:1 256-1 261.
• Sims, J. R. and V. A. Haby. 1971. Simplified colorime- tric determination of soil organic matter. Soil Sci. 112:137-141.
• Tabatabai, M. A. and J. M. Bremner. 1969. Use of p-nitrophenylphosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 1:301-307.
• Tabatabai, M. A. 1994. Soil enzymes. In: Methods of soil analysis. part. 2 Microbiological and biochemical properties. Mickelson S.H. y J.M. Bigham (Eds.) SSSA Book Series, No. 5, Madison, Wl. 775-833 pp.
• Virginia, R. and W. Jarrel. 1983. Soil properties in a mesquite-dominated Sonoran Desert ecosystem. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 47:138-144.
• Walkley, A. and I. A. Black. 1934. An examination of the method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the cromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37:29-37.
• Yadav, R. S. and J. C. Tarafdar. 2001. Influence of organic and inorganic phosphorous supply on the maximum secretion of acid phosphatase by plants. Biol. Fert. Soils. 34:140-143.
Copyright (c) 2011 Humberto Aponte , Jorge Paolini, José Pastor Mogollón
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.