Diagnosis of diseases in fruit in Yaracuy state, Venezuela between the years 2001-2011

Abstract

One of the main constraints in fruit production systems in Venezuela is the presence of disease, and Yaracuy state is no exception. This work aims to raise awareness of the disease diagnosed by INIA- Yaracuy in priority fruits of the state, between the years

2001-2011. Samples were received from farmers; the evidence is recorded using the qualitative approach of action research. Direct observation of symptoms and fungal structures and bacterial slime is then performed as appropriate to the optical microscope at 10X and 40X. Samples were washed twice with water, twice with 70% ethanol and twice with distilled water, then placing in a humid chamber for 48 to

72 hours; then isolates and reisolation were performed in Petri capsules contents culture medium Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) for fungi and Nutrient Agar (NA) and selective medium for bacteria on TZC laminar flow chamber; were placed at 27 °C, continuous white light or darkness for 48 to 72 hours and the colonies obtained were characterized and inoculations. Finally, identification was performed by standard taxonomic keys and literature. The avocado figure represented 55% of the samples, followed by coffee and orange, with 8% each. The pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp. was detected in 45% of samples; mostly from the municipality Aristides Bastidas (33.33%).