Characterization of physical properties of soils cultivated with coffee in the municipality of Caripe, Monagas state, Venezuela

  • Renny Barrios Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA), Maturín, estado Monagas. Venezuela
  • Ramón Silva-Acuña Universidad de Oriente (UDO), Núcleo Monagas, Postgrado en Agricultura Tropical, Maturín. Venezuela.
  • Grecia Romero Martínez Universidad de Oriente (UDO), Núcleo Monagas, Postgrado en Agricultura Tropical, Maturín.Venezuela.
  • Iván Maza Universidad de Oriente (UDO), Núcleo Monagas, Postgrado en Agricultura Tropical, Maturín. Venezuela.
  • Luis Zerpa Evans Universidad de Oriente (UDO), Núcleo Monagas, Postgrado en Agricultura Tropical, Maturín. Venezuela.
Keywords: degradation, structural stability, erosion, organic matter

Abstract

Coffee is the most important crop in the highlands of the Turimiquire, the main supplier of water in the area of the  North-Eastern  Region. Aiming to characterize soil physical properties   of the coffee axis in   San Agustin-Juasjuillar, Caripe – Monagas State, 153 unaltered samples were collected from commercial farms. The samples were processed in the soil laboratories of the University of Oriente - Monagas and National Institute for Agricultural Research (INIA) Guárico. The variables determined were saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, particle density, total porosity, macroporosity, particle size, stability to the water of aggregates for different diameters, moisture and organic matter content. Multicolinear variables were identified and discarded through the analysis of linear correlation. Using analysing of main components, the variables were selected by principal component analysis variables that provide greater variability,  and using hierarchical  cluster  analysis six groups with similar soil conditions were selected. Statistical techniques allowed the identification of seven variables that explain 95% of the variation in the physical properties of soils. Among the grouping criteria  spatial relationships,  grain size,  organic matter, and structural stability were predominant. The hillside areas showed the highest structural stability, while those located in lower areas showed the highest levels of organic matter and clay, as a result of the accumulation of sediment. Management strategies should focus in limiting erosion through conservation of soils and practices that shorten the slope length

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Published
2016-06-30
How to Cite
Barrios, R., Silva-Acuña, R., Romero Martínez, G., Maza, I., & Zerpa Evans, L. (2016). Characterization of physical properties of soils cultivated with coffee in the municipality of Caripe, Monagas state, Venezuela. Agronomía Tropical, 66(1-2), 37-48. Retrieved from http://publicaciones.inia.gob.ve/index.php/agronomiatropical/article/view/175
Section
Original research article