Effect of the type of farming on the provision of the water and the growth of kidney bean Tuy in a ground Mollisol of Venezuela
Abstract
The cowpea, Vigna unguiculata L. Walp, is an important crop in Venezuela and is necessary to evaluate different tillage practices to increase its production- We evaluated the impact of the minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) in the production of dry matter (DM), foliar area (FA), and crop production of cowpea, cv. Tuy sowed at a density close to 400 000 plants. ha-1 in a Mollisol soil of Aragua State, in a completely randomized block design, with four repetitions, and the impact in the soil water content until 50 cm of depth during the crop cycle (CC), the soil bulk density, macro and microporosity, total soil porosity and soil infiltration. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) program. There was no significant difference in the pattern of DM leaves production, stem, total DM, foliar area, and grain yield between MT and CT. The FA of CT there was only significantly higher than in MT at 67 days after the emergency. In the soil, there were significant differences between MT and CT in the soil water at 0-5 cm soil layer, in the total soil porosity at 30-40 and 40-50 cm soil layers, in the soil bulk density at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil layers, and in the soil water content at soil capacity at 0-5 and 10-20 cm soil layers. There was a significant relationship between the water used or missing during the crop cycle and the total DM produced in MT and CT.
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